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Faizabad district located at 26°47' North Latitude and 82°12’ East Longitude is one of the 71 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. Faizabad city is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district occupies an area of 2,341 km². The district had a population of 2,468,371 at the 2011 Census. Total area of Faizabad District is 2,643 sq. km.[3] It is surrounded by Barabanki, Gonda, Basti, Ambedkar Nagar and Sultanpur districts. The national highway No.27 which connect New delhi to Nepal is passes through Faizabad district.
History[1]
The earliest reference made to Fyzabad or now Faizabad is said to be in the Ramayana, in which the city is referred to as Saket, the mythical private estate of King Dashrath, father of Lord Ram but the other sources indicate that Saket, which means Heaven in Sanskrit, is the ancient name of holy city of Ayodhya not Faizabad.
The city was founded by Ali Vardi Khan, nawab of Bengal (1676-1756) in 1730. The foundation of Faizabad was laid by Saadat Khan, the second Nawab of Awadh. Nawab Saadat Ali Khan, Burhan-ul-Mulk was given the charge of the Subah of Awadh around 1722 by the Mughal Court. Nawab Sa'adat Khan made the first settlements along the banks of Ghaghra with a cantonment consisting of a fortress and mud barracks. Due to these temporary dwellings, Faizabad was first known as 'Bangla' (implied meaning- hutment). His successor Shuja-ud-daula made it the capital of Awadh. Faizabad as a township, developed about 220 years ago. Safdar Jang, the second nawab of Avadh (1739-54), made it as his military headquarters. His successor Suja-ud-daula built a fort here. It was known as Chhota Calcutta, now the fort has ruined. He built the Chowk in 1765 and subsequently built the Anguribagh and Motibagh to the south of Faizabad and Asafbagh and Bulandbagh to the west of the city.
During the reign of Shuja-ud-daula, Faizabad attained such a prosperity which it never saw again. The Nawabs graced Faziabad with several beautiful buildings; notable among them are the Gulab Bari, Moti Mahal and the tomb of Bahu Begum. Shuja-ud-daula's wife was the well known Bahu Begum, who married the Nawab in 1743 and continued to reside in Faizabad, her residence being the Moti-Mahal. Close by at Jawaharbagh lies her Maqbara, where she was buried after her death in 1816. It is considered to be one of the finest buildings of its kind in Avadh, which was built at the cost of three lakh rupees by her chief advisor Darab Ali Khan. A fine view of the city is obtainable from top of the begum's tomb. Bahu Begum was a woman of great distinction and rank, bearing dignity. Most of the Muslim buildings of Faizabad are attributed to her. From the date of Bahu Begum's death in 1815 till the annexation of Avadh, the city of Faizabad gradually fell into decay. The glory of Faizabad finally eclipsed with the shifting of capital from Faizabad to Lucknow by Nawab Asaf-ud-daula.
It was one of the battle centres of the mutiny of 1857. During the Indian struggle for independence from the British, the revolutionary Ashfaquallah khan was incarcerated in Faizabad. Today the jail has a memorial in his name. Rumours have it that the more famous freedom fighter Subhash Chandra Bose spent his last days as Gumnami Baba and died in 1985 in Faizabad only.
Faizabad is a place of sugar refineries and mills for extracting oil from seeds. It is a market center for the produce of the surrounding area, including grain, oilseeds, cotton, and tobacco. A hydroelectric plant is located nearby. The ruins of the ancient town of Ayodhya, with the modern town standing nearby, are located across the river and form a part of Faizabad. Ayodhya, which is among the principal religious centers of India, is an important place of Hindu pilgrimage. Faizabad is a small developing city, here you can have fun of both the worlds of the town as well as the village if you go outside the city you will find lots of fields with plenty of crops.
As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Faizabad in 2011 is 2470996; of which male and female are 1,259,628 and 1,211,368 respectively. The sex ratio of Faizabad city is 962 per 1000 males. In education section, total literates in Faizabad city are 1,450,901 of which 838,339 are males while 612,562 are females. Average literacy rate of Faizabad city is 68.7% . Total children (0–6) in Faizabad city are 360,082 as per figure from Census India report on 2011. Child sex ratio of girls is 903 per 1000 boys. Faizabad city is governed by Municipal Corporation which comes under Faizabad Urban Agglomeration.
Religions in Faizabad
Hinduism 90%
Islam 7%
Jains 0.4%
Other {Sikhs (<2.0%) and Buddhist(<0.2%)} 0.6%
The topography of Faizabad is comprised of alluvial soil, sand, gravels. The mountain, plateau and other geographical reliefs are missing as an entire district belongs to Gangetic plain. The general slope of relief is west to east and stretch is about 130 KM.
The major river is Saryu. Saryu is also known as Lower Ghaghra river. Marha and Biswa are two streams in sub division of Akbarpura, district of Faizabad.
Faizabad district administration administrate 5 Tehsils, 11 Blocks, 129 Nyay Panchayat, 729 Gram Sabha, 1270 Village, 3 Nagar Palika, 1 Cantonment Board, 3 Town Area and 153 Wards. A part from these setups, the district administration also has disaster management, youth welfare, SC/ST welfare department. The Faizabad district is a ‘Mandal’ comprises of Barabanki, Sultanpur, Ambedkar Nagar.
The District Collector is the district head of administration of the bureaucracy in a state of India. A district is governed by a District Collector, who is an officer from Indian Administrative Service (IAS) of Uttar Pradesh cadre and is appointed by the State Government of UttarPradesh. Functionally the district administration is carried on through the various Departments of the State Government each of which has an office of its own in the district level. The District Collector is the executive leader of the district administration and the District Officers of the various Departments in the district render technical advice to him in the discharge of his duties.
- The District Magistrate(DM) of faizabad is Mr. Vivek (as of may 2017)
- The senior superintendent of police(SSP) is Mr Anant Dev (as of may 2017)
- UP Fire services [4]
- Mayor-Sivasagar Mishra(BJP)[7]
- Deputy Mayor-Vijay Gupta [7]
Industries and Enterprises[1][2]
The district has 1780 registered industrial units. Registered medium and large scale sector units are 41. Estimated avg. no. of daily worker employed in small scale industries are 9378. Employment in large and medium industries is 800.
The turnover of small scale industries is. Rs 8948 lacs and the turnover of medium & large scale industries is Rs 1500 Lacs.
Mainly there are 4 industrial areas in Faizabad.
1. Industrial Estate Gaddaopur
2. Industrial Estate Bikapur
3. Industrial Estate laluapur
4. Mini Industrial Estate Sahulara, Milkipur
Out of existing Micro and small industries and enterprises in the district, there are 2966 Agro based, 29 Soda water, 689 Cotton textile, 45 Woolen, silk & artificial Thread based clothes, 80 Jute & jute based, 560 Ready-made garments & embroidery, 461 Wood/wooden based furniture, 130 Paper & Paper products, 332 Leather based, 115 Chemical/Chemical based, 133 Rubber, Plastic & petro, 468 Mineral, 439 Metal based (Steel Fab.), 81 Engineering units, 130 Electrical machinery and transport equipment and 2098 Repairing & servicing industries in faizabad.
List of medium scale industries in faizabad
1- Yash Paper Ltd.
2- K.M. Sugar Mil
3- Dham Pur Sugar Mil
4- M/s Bansal Cold Storage
5- M/s Hotel Shane Avadh
6- M/s Tribhuwan Enterprises
7- M/s Sitaram Industries
8- M/s Prakash Poles
9- M/s Azan Enterprises
10- M/s Saket Poly-Pipes
11- M/s Jai Hanuman Plywood
12- M/s Bombay Beading
13- M/s Yash Papers Ltd.
14- M/s Modi Gases
15- M/s Manal Sansthan
16- M/s Krishna Plywood
17- M/s Verma Auto Sales
18- M/s Om Engineering Works
19- M/s R. P. Enterprises
20- M/s Raghuvansi Printers & Binders
21- M/s Hanuman Dal Mills
22- M/s Sahara Bakers Pvt. Ltd.
23- M/s Anand Food Products
24- M/s Chandan Chemicals
25- M/s Sona Packers
26- M/s Himalya Spun Pipe Co.
27- M/s Gaurav Gram Udyog Sewa Sansthan
28- M/s Geeta Tractor
29- M/s Anand Transformer Pvt. Ltd.
30- M/s B.L. Roller Flour Mills (P) Ltd.
In the Faizabad district the forest area is 3038 Ham, net area sown 134236 Ham, cultivable area 205199 Ham. As for as the form of natural vegetation in Faizabad is concerned, there are various types of prees lipe Sagon , Haldu, Sal, Shishaw, Tibau, Mahua, Bass ,Neem, Jamun, Mayo etc. The types of trees are Tibau , Sakhu, Sal etc. Sandy Lomay and clay are the types of soils found in Faizabad.
Transport and connectivity
Faizabad city, being nearest to ayodhya city has frequent footfalls of tourists from all across india. The city has 116 kms of railway line, 106 kms of national highway and 80 kms of state highway.
Road
Faizabad is situated on National Highway 28 and has good connectivity with Kanpur(213 km), Lucknow (127 km), Varanasi (202 km), Allahabad (161 km) and Gorakhpur (165 km). The state government's Road Transport Service runs regular and frequent buses to and from these cities. NH27 connects Lucknow to Barauni via Faizabad and Gorakhpur whilst NH330 connects Faizabad to Allahabad via Sultanpur. Nawab Yusuf Road connects Faizabad to Varanasi via Jaunpur, NH330A connects Faizabad to Raibareli via Kumarganj & Jagdishpur.
Train
Faizabad Railway Station: The Indian Railways network connects Faizabad directly with Kanpur (4 hours) Lucknow (3 hours.), Varanasi (4 hours.) and Allahabad (5 hours).
Ayodhya Junction: Ayodhya Junction is the second major railway station within the Faizabad city which is situated at south end of the city.
Acharya Narendra Dev Nagar station: It is another option to reach faizabad. This small station lies in the heart of the city "near to chowk".
Airways
Nearest airports are Kanpur Airport (186 km) Lucknow International Airport (128 km), Allahabad Airport (144 km) and Varanasi International Airport (200 km)
Faizabad Airport:
Faizabad has an old airport and flying school at naka along national highway (NH28). The airport has been neglected since a long time due to the lack of leadership and support. Recently, efforts are there to convert this airport into full-fledged domestic airport by Union government.
Architecture
Gulab Bari:
Literally meaning 'Garden of Roses', the tomb of Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula (third Nawab of Awadh), this place has a good collection of roses of various varieties set by the sides of water fountains. Gulab Bari also houses a maqbara (Mausoleum) of Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula in the campus.
Bahu Begum ka Maqbara:
(The Mausoleum of the Queen Bride) the memorial built for queen of Nawab Shujah-ud-Daulah, Unmatuzzohra Bano Begum. It’s one of the tallest buildings in Faizabad and is a beautiful example of non-mughal Muslim architecture. Sadly, this beautiful monument is a victim of neglect and is crumbling.
Military Temple:
(The Dogra Regimental Centre/ Corps of Military Police CMP Temple) Located in cantonment area, this temple is beautifully built and the cleanliness and the pollution free environment is just spiritual thing.
Guptar Ghat:
the Ghat (Jetty) where Lord Rama is believed to have taken 'jal samadhi' (leaving the earth for 'Baikuntha', the divine abode of Lord Vishnu, by drowning himself). It has picturesque view of the saryu river and its green banks and has several ancient temples. The view of sunset from Guptar Ghat is breathtaking. A boat ride is a must while visiting this place.
Company Gardens: Adjoining Guptar Ghat, on the banks of River Saryu, is Company Gardens, a botanical garden built during British Rule. It has a well maintained, sprawling garden set amidst lush greenery, far away from the hustle and bustle of the town. It also has an orchard spread over acres. Plants and Trees can also be bought here. The remains of the fort built by Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula after the battle of Buxar are also within walking distance.
Ghanta Ghar:
The heart of Faizabad city, houses a clock tower (Ghanta means 'clock' in Hindi and Ghar is the Hindi word for 'house') in the middle of the city center. All distances within the city are measured from this location. The place is also known as Chowk, which houses the main vegetable and spice market in the town.
Shringi Rishi Ashram: 35 km from Faizabad in Goshainganj is ashram of Sage (Rishi in Sanskrit/Hindi) Shringi. Shringi Rishi performed 'Putrakameshti Yajya' for King Dashrath of Ayodhya, after that Lord Rama and his three brothers were born. There is an ashram of Shringi Rishi situated at Sherwaghat near Mehbubganj 11 km from Goshainganj on the banks of Sarayu river at Sherwa Ghat. Legend has it that Shringi Rishi cursed King Parikshit for his sinful conduct against rishi Lomash. The boons and curse uttered by him were proved to be absolutely true. Rishi Shringi was a distinguished expert of the super science of mantras. A temple of Shringi Rishi, is also located at Sherwaghat, and a fair is held every year in May in his honour. A cave is also located in district Faizabad near Mehbubganj near Goshainganj where he is supposed to have stayed. It is a long cave where he is supposed to do 'yagna' (Ritual) and is worth seeing. A place called Dilasigang. This is amazing place as located on Ghaghra bank River.
Maharshi Balmiki Ashram Babuapur : This is quite underrated but a very beautiful place in Faizabad to visit named on the great saint #Maharishi #Balmilki who wrote Ramayan in Sanskrit language in the time of Lord Rama. It is located 28 km from Faizabad city in Babuapur village directly connected with dilasiganj. It’s amazing river side of Ghaghra (Saryu), which is a holy river here and you can see the natural beauty here like sunrise and sunset. It’s interesting for the one who loves to click raw pictures.
The Climate of the district may be treated as normal. The effect of rains, winter and summer are not very harsh. So, a pleasant whether remains throughout the year. Usually the summer expands from April to July, the rainy season from August to September and the winter from October to March. Rainfall ranges from: 1035 mm (Average) and the city experiences scorching heat from the months April to September. Temperature may rise upto 44 °C and in the months of winter it can drop down to the Minimum of 1.0 °C.
In 1975, the Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University/Avadh University was established in Faizabad city, which was later renamed as Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University and another university named Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology. Saket College is an affiliate college of Awadh university. This is a state agricultural university situated at Faizabad Kumarganj town.
Faizabad has an array of English and Hindi medium schools which include Jawahar navodaya vidyalaya, N.D.D.A.V Public school kumarganj, Sunbeam School , Kendriya Vidyalaya Faizabad Army Public School, Anil Saraswati Vidya Mandir, The Cambrian School,JBA, Tiny tots school, Udaya Public School, Faizabad Public School, Rajkaran vedic Pathshala, Government Inter College(G.I.C.),Grammar Inter College,Grammar Academy, Canossa Convent Girls' Inter College, S.S.V. Inter College, D.G.I Inter College, M.L.M.L Inter College.,Gyan Deep Inter College Krishna nagar Achhora Faizabad, etc.
As per 2011 census there are 46 allopathic hospitals with 773 beds, 29 ayurvedic hospitals with 236, 06 Unani hospitals, 20 homeopathy hospitals, 06 community health centres, 33 primary health centres, 12 dispensaries, 246 sub health centres, and 06 private hospitals.
• District Hospital (Faizabad)
• List of Medicines (CMO Office)
• Sri Ram Hospital (Ayodhya)
• District Women Hospital
• Bhagawan Rishab Dev Eye Hospital
• The Leprosy Mission Hospital
• District Vetnary Hospital
• Dr.Brij Kishor Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital
Faizabad Chowk: Next to Ghanta Ghar, is the central market of Faizabad town. One can find vegetables, fruits and spices, jewellery shops, clothing and other retail.
Rekabgunj: About a kilometer away from Chowk (towards Lucknow) lies the Rekabgunj market which has a multitude of pharmacies. The market also has some seed shops which cater to the farmers of the adjoining regions. Many Restaurants and Hotels are there when going towards Lucknow. This is one of the Tourist's spot.
Bajaja: (now known as Subhas Nagar)A place adjacent to Chowk towards Sultanpur Road holds a market for Clothes and garments. In Urdu Bajaja means cloth market. This area also holds major banks viz Union Bank of India, SBI and Allahabad Bank. Abha hotel in the centre of bajaja and in the main city.
Fatehganj: This is a market mainly for wholesale grocery and other house hold items. This area is on the same road on which Bajaja falls. Hotel Krishna Palace is adjacent to the fountain near Faizabad jail. This is the place which is near to Bus Station as well as Railway Station. This is one of the Tourist's spot.
Dalmandi: beside fatehganj there is a mohalla named Dalmandi. In this there is mosque which is 500 years old and it is very beautiful masque.
Sports
Faizabad International Sports Stadium
Faizabad Stadium under construction Known as Bhim Rao
Ambedkar International Sports Stadium is the part of multi crore Rs. project
for sports complex by state government. The Lokayukta office has received a
complaint from one Bhanu Pratap Singh of Faizabad who has accused the minister
of corruption in the construction of Faizabd international stadium. According to
the complainant, the sports minister had a nexus with former sports director
Hari Om and former project manager R.D. Prasad and had deliberately delayed the
construction of the 86 crore Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar stadium,
paving the way for an escalation of costs to 1.50
billion.
Faizabad Sports Complex
Faizabad Sports Complex Loc: 26°43′47″N 82°08′17″E is an international standard sports complex being built on NH 96 (Faizabad To Sultanpur Road). The new sports complex would have astro turf, synthetic track, olympic size swimming pool, cricket field, hostels and other required facilities. After an ultra-modern sports complex in Greater Noida, meerut and at Saifai in Etawah, this is one of the sports facilities in Uttar Pradesh.
References
2-http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIP%20Faizabad.pdf
3-http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=190933
4-http://upfireservice.gov.in/
5-http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/09/0946_PART_A_DCHB_FAIZABAD.pdf
6-http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=190933
7-http://www.faizabadnagarpalika.co.in/Dynamic/WebControlPanel/Hindi/indexHi.aspx
